Selank

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is classified as an anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) and nootropic (cognitive-enhancing) agent. Structurally, it is an analogue of the endogenous immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, modified with a stabilizing sequence to increase its biological stability and duration of action.

Its mechanism of action is considered multifaceted and distinct from traditional anxiolytics. Rather than acting on GABA receptors, Selank is proposed to modulate the balance of key neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin and dopamine. A primary mechanism attributed to Selank is its ability to rapidly increase the expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus. BDNF is a critical protein for neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function. The peptide also retains immunomodulatory properties, influencing the expression of various cytokines.

Selank is reported to reduce anxiety and stress without the sedative or addictive potential of benzodiazepine drugs. It is approved in Russia and Ukraine for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder and is often administered as a nasal spray. However, it is not an approved medication by the FDA and is considered an experimental compound in the United States and Europe.